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Written by Prof. Khalil Alsalem , Lecture given by Dr. Husam ABU farsakh Biomarkers in ophthalmology are transforming how clinicians diagnose and monitor eye diseases. In recent years, the use of biomarkers in ophthalmology, including biomarkers in orbital cancers, biomarkers in uveitis, and biomarkers in thyroid orbitopathy, has gained remarkable attention. These measurable biological indicators […]

Lecture performed by Dr. Deya Albtoush , Written By Prof. KHALIL ALSALEM Why PENTACAM is important Pentacam analysis has become an essential tool in modern keratoconus management, and in refractive surgery screening and the diagnosis of corneal ectatic disorders. Using a rotating Scheimpflug camera, the Pentacam provides a detailed three-dimensional analysis of the anterior segment,

Written By Khalil Al-Salem M.D, Narated and given By Omar Salem M.D Vitrectomy surgery has undergone remarkable evolution over the past decades, becoming a cornerstone of modern vitreoretinal practice. As surgical techniques have advanced, the importance of intraoperative visualization and retinal stabilization has become increasingly evident. Two essential components that have significantly contributed to these

Written by: Prof. Khalil Al-Salem Anisocoria, or unequal pupils, is a common clinical finding that may be benign or clinically significant. It can be related to physiological variation, but it may also indicate conditions such as Horner syndrome or Adie’s pupil. In addition, medication causing mydriasis should always be considered, as it is a frequent

Witten By Prof. Khalil Al-Salem IgG4-related disease is an increasingly recognized immune-mediated condition that can affect multiple organs. However, orbital involvement is one of its most striking presentations. IgG4 orbitopathy often presents with ocular proptosis, eyelid swelling, and lacrimal gland enlargement. Although these findings may resemble other orbital diseases, the underlying process is unique. Therefore,